On zinc films, the adsorption probability of O2 is extremely low (10(-
3)-10(-2)), and O2 exposures in the range of 10(3)-10(4) langmuir are
necessary to produce a significant transformation of metallic zinc int
o zinc oxide. The presence of submonolayer coverages of cesium enhance
s the oxidation rate of zinc by 2-3 orders of magnitude. The cesium ad
atoms interact with O2 molecules, producing a reservoir of reactive ox
ygen species that oxidize zinc.