Revisionist studies of Roman imperialism and Romanization continue to
show the traces of modem debates on imperialism and colonialism, in pa
rticular a tendency to analyse cultural change in terms of the interac
tion of two ethnic cultures. An analysis of the changing unities and d
iversities of cultures in Gaul (modern France), and of the transformat
ion of Roman culture during and as a result of imperial expansion, sug
gests a new view of the nature and genesis of Roman imperial culture.