The discovery within the European Northeast territories of calendrical
images dating to the pre-Christian era and their study permits us to
discuss the common roots of calendrical symbolism of a number of peopl
es inhabiting territories in Northern Eurasia. Analogies to calendrica
l symbolism used by peoples of North America may be noted. In this pap
er, rational knowledge of the environment as it is reflected in repres
entational art is examined. Graphic systems underlying calendrical rep
resentations are deciphered.