Review of design procedures used for protein chromatography shows the
need for considerable refinement to meet the demands of high flow-rate
s and complex processes characteristic of modern commercial operation.
Suggestions are made for dealing with the skewness of effluent curves
from differential chromatography in interpreting such data and also f
or scaling up laboratory processes. Proton-specific nuclear magnetic r
esonance images of small commercial columns show significant non-unifo
rmity of packing density, and suggestions are made for a study of the
effects of column shape, size and packing procedures on column efficie
ncy.