Although systemic and local autoimmune diseases are the primary possib
ilities in the differential diagnosis of non-infectious peripheral ulc
erative keratitis (PUK), other unusual etiologies such as systemic or
local malignancies also must be considered. We report on two patients
with PUK whose study led to the discovery and subsequent treatment of
a chronic myelogenous leukemia and a sebaceous cell carcinoma of the e
yelid, respectively. The results emphasize the need for meticulous dia
gnostic pursuit, including the possibility of malignancy in patients w
ith peripheral ulcerative keratitis.