Me. Gangarosa et al., DEVELOPMENTAL LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION SURVIVORS - A REVIEW, Journal of clinical child psychology, 23(2), 1994, pp. 174-192
Reviews outcome literature on survivors of extracorporeal membrane oxy
genation (ECMO), who have experienced severe cardiorespiratory disease
with potential central nervous system sequelae. Long-term follow-up h
as been reported on approximately 350 survivors representing less than
5% of cases. Several consistent findings are noted from a review of t
he literature: (a) Most infant developmental scales are more accurate
predictors short-term outcome when integrated with neurological exams
or neuroimaging findings; (b) most ECMO survivors (70% to 80%) fall in
the normal range on development and intelligence measures; (c) 20% to
30% of ECMO survivors have poor outcomes, with 50% to 100% of these u
sually having associated chronic lung disease and/or brain disease/inj
ury; and (d) 20% to 80% of those with abnormal outcomes and 10% to 35%
of those with normal outcomes qualify for special services. Patterns
of neurological and assessment outcome are discussed in terms of locat
ion of brain injury and neuropsychological theory.