The presented method of hydrogen production by biological means is bas
ed on a combination of bioelectrochemical fuel cells with an electroly
zer, the fuel cells generate the electric energy required for the elec
trolysis of water. This approach makes it possible to utilize widespre
ad redox reactions of the microbial energy metabolism, whereas most of
the methods of biological hydrogen production known to date are limit
ed to the reactions of hydrogenases or nitrogenases. Furthermore, it p
rovides an opportunity of applying the proven technique of water elect
rolysis to a biological process.