THE MYCORRHIZAL STATUS OF TAIWANESE TREES AND THE DESCRIPTION OF SOMEECTOMYCORRHIZAL TYPES

In Taiwanese forests a dependence of mycorrhizal types on the altitude is recognizable: in the lower tropical regions VA-mycorrhizae dominat e, whereas in the mixed subtropical forests most of the species show V A-mycorrhizae, but there are also several species with ectomycorrhizae . In the higher mountains ectomycorrhizae predominate. In addition to this relationship between mycorrhizal status and altitude, some tree s pecies belong to typical ectomycorrhizal or VA-mycorrhizal families. T en ectomycorrhizal types from Taiwanese trees were characterized by ma croscopic, microscopic and ultrastructural features. The basic structu res of hyphal mantles are the same in Taiwan as in the Black Forest (s outhwest Germany). Two of the types described and two further types ar e identical with types from the Black Forest on Picea abies (L.) Karst . Only two fungal partners could be identified (Lactarius, Amphinema), all others are unknown. Some noteworthy observations are: an epidermi s-like covering of a hyphal mantle, an ectendomycorrhiza on Pinus taiw anensis Hayata with Amphinema byssoides and wall ingrowths in the oute r cortical layer of Castanopsis-mycorrhizae.