Trivalent ytterbium ions were used as sensitizers for the 1D2 and 1G4
blue emitting thulium levels. The evolution of the population of the 1
D2, 1G4, H-(4), and F-3(4) levels of Tm3+ and the F-2(5/2) level of Yb
3+ were investigated after short resonant excitation into these levels
in YAG:Tm, Yb crystals. We observed upconversion fluorescence with a
fast cooperative process followed by a slower step-by-step-process.