Ip. Goulden, A DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR FOR SYMMETRICAL FUNCTIONS AND THE COMBINATORICS OF MULTIPLYING TRANSPOSITIONS, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 344(1), 1994, pp. 421-440
By means of irreducible characters for the symmetric group, formulas h
ave previously been given for the number of ways of writing permutatio
ns in a given conjugacy class as products of transpositions. These for
mulas are alternating sums of binomial coefficients and powers of inte
gers. Combinatorial proofs are obtained in this paper by analyzing the
action of a partial differential operator for symmetric functions.