Antibodies can mimic the biological function of physiological ligands,
yet few examples indicate the structural similarity between antibodie
s and the ligands that they mimic. Originally, the competition of anti
bodies for ligand binding sites was conjectured to be through similar
three-dimensional conformations, which represent the ''internal image'
' of the given ligand. Here we show that residues in a complementary d
etermining region (CDR) can adopt the same bioactive structures observ
ed in ligands. Structure-function studies of three anti-GPIIb-IIIa mur
ine monoclonal antibodies, PAC-1, LJ-CP3, and OP-G2, indicate that the
RYD sequence in their H-CDR3 domain occupies the same conformational
space as RGD in conformationally constrained, bioactive, GPIIb-IIIa ce
ll-surface adhesion ligands. The relative location of the guanidinium
and carboxylate groups in the RXD regions is identified as an importan
t recognition feature, and the conformational space occupied by this r
egion in the antibodies is only slightly larger than that in the most
bioactive peptides. Additionally, we show that antibodies can unveil o
ther potential bioactive sequences, which may impart specificity. Thus
antibodies are an exquisite probe for identifying motifs of short adh
esion stretches, thereby revealing amino acid sequences and restricted
geometries that might be used as lead compounds in drug design.