FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Measurements of velocity have been obtained in a centrifugal pump in t erms of angle-resolved values in the impeller passages, the volute, th e inlet and exit ducts and are presented in absolute and relative fram es. The pump comprised a radial flow impeller with four backswept blad es and a single volute, and the working liquid had the same refractive index as the transparent casing to facilitate the use of a laser-Dopp ler velocimeter. The flows in the impeller passages were found to depa rt from the curvature of the blade surfaces at off-design conditions w ith separation from the suction surface and from the shroud. Secondary flows from the suction to pressure surfaces were dominated by the inf luences of the relative motion between the shroud and impeller surface s and the tip leakage. Geometric differences of 0.5 mm and one degree in spacing of the four blades caused differences in passage velocity o f up to 6 percent of the impeller tip velocity close to the design flo wrate and up to 16 percent at the lowest discharge. The flowrate from each impeller passage varied with volute circumferential position by u p to 25 percent at an off-design flowrate. Poor matching of the impell er and volute at off-design conditions caused swirl and separation in the inlet and exit pipes.