A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF SINGLE-DOSE AND 2-DOSE IVERMECTIN VERSUS THIABENDAZOLE FOR TREATMENT OF STRONGYLOIDIASIS

A randomized trial is described comparing ivermectin and thiabendazole for treatment of chronic infection with Strongyloides stercoralis. Su bjects received ivermectin (200 mu g/kg) in a single dose, ivermectin (200 mu g/kg) on 2 consecutive days, or thiabendazole (50 mg/kg/day) t wice daily for 3 consecutive days. Most subjects (94%) had intermitten t symptoms, including urticaria, epigastric pain, and diarrhea. Stools were examined 7 days and 1, 3, 6, 10, and 22 months after treatment. Fifty-three subjects completed at least 3 months of follow-up. Only 1 of 34 and 2 of 19 ivermectin and thiabendazole subjects, respectively, had a stool positive for larvae after treatment. Symptoms were reliev ed in all 3 groups and eosinophil levels returned to normal in 90% of all subjects by 12 months. Nearly 95% of thiabendazole subjects had sh ort-term adverse effects during therapy versus only 18% of those treat ed with ivermectin. One dose of ivermectin provides safety and efficac y equivalent to thiabendazole with a much lower prevalence of side eff ects and, consequently, better compliance.