AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFICACY OF A BROMINE-CONTAINING BIOCIDE ON AN AQUATIC CONSORTIUM OF PLANKTONIC AND BIOFILM MICROORGANISMS INCLUDING LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA
Jt. Walker et al., AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFICACY OF A BROMINE-CONTAINING BIOCIDE ON AN AQUATIC CONSORTIUM OF PLANKTONIC AND BIOFILM MICROORGANISMS INCLUDING LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA, Biofouling, 8(1), 1994, pp. 47-54
A biocide (1-bromo-3-chloro-5.5-dimethylhydantoin), was tested for eff
icacy against planktonic and biofilm bacteria in a laboratory model to
simulate a water system. BCDMH was continually added to the continuou
s culture chemostat which was operated using an artificially softened
water to simulate conditions within a cooling tower. Biofilm developed
on stainless steel and mild steel tiles suspended in the culture. The
consortium of bacteria growing in the chemostat model included legion
ellae, pseudomonads, methylobacteria and actinomycetes. Flavobacterium
, Alcaligenes and Achromobacter spp. which were grouped together as Gr
am negative (GN) bacteria were also present. At biocide concentrations
of 1 or 2 mg.1(-1) bacteria in the planktonic phase were dramatically
reduced in the culture whereas only a 1 log drop in viable bacteria w
as detected in the biofilm. When the concentration of BCDMH was increa
sed to 4 or 6 mg.1(-1) a 3 log reduction was observed in the number of
viable bacteria recovered from the biofilm. This indicates that bacte
ria contained within a biofilm are more refractory to attack from anti
-microbial agents such as BCDMH. Significantly, legionellae were more
susceptible to the biocide than other members of the microbial consort
ium: legionellae were not recovered from either biofilm of planktonic
phases of the model system at BCDMH concentrations of 1 mg.1(-1).