Eight patients with vitamin deficiency pancytopenia were admitted, wit
hin a year, in a department of internal medecine. Folic acid and vitam
in B12 metabolism and the clinical and haematological symptoms are dis
cussed. These vitamin deficiencies are frequent in underdevelopped cou
ntries and are responsible of megaloblastic anaemia. Such deficiencies
may also influence the granulocyte and platelet lines and may be mist
aken for leukaemia. A therapeutic test may be undertaken, giving rapid
diagnosis and avoiding high mortality.