Thallium imaging has been proposed as a noninvasive method to distingu
ish recurrent tumor from cerebral radiation necrosis in patients who h
ave undergone radiation therapy. Previous reports have supported the i
ntuitive hypothesis that metabolically active tumor tissue would accum
ulate Tl-201 to a much higher degree than nonviable necrotic tissue. A
case of biopsy-proven cerebral radiation necrosis is presented demons
trating a degree of Tl-201 avidity previously thought to be diagnostic
of recurrent tumor. Based on this finding, it is concluded that a hig
h degree of Tl-201 uptake does not exclude the diagnosis of cerebral r
adiation necrosis.