MUNCHAUSEN-SYNDROME IN HEMATOLOGY - CASE-REPORTS OF 3 VARIANTS AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

We describe five patients with hematologic Munchausen syndrome who wer e discovered within 5 years. The patients presented for hematologic ev aluation of coagulopathy, iron-deficiency anemia, or macrohematuria wi th severe anemia. The final diagnoses were phenprocoumon intake (2 x), self-inflicted phlebotomy (2 x), and urogenital manipulation (1 x). A ll five patients were female ranging in age between 23 and 45 years; t wo were nurses. In four cases we were able to unmask the patient. We t hink that hematologic Munchausen syndrome has a rather uniform pattern and may be divided into three subtypes: (a) anticoagulation type, (b) anemia type, and (c) pretended hematologic form. Hematologic Munchaus en syndrome should especially be considered if there is an unexplained coagulation disorder or therapy-resistant iron-deficiency anemia, and if the patient is a young female nurse who has had many hospitalizati ons.