In July, 1974, the Board of Professional Affairs of the American Psych
ological Association established the Task Force on Sex Bias and Sex-Ro
le Stereotyping in Psychotherapeutic Practice. The Task Force produced
several reports, including a set of guidelines for ethical and effect
ive psychotherapy published in the December, 1978, issue of the Americ
an Psychologist. Shortly thereafter, a set of 13 ''Principles Concerni
ng the Counseling and Psychotherapy of Women'' were published in The C
ounseling Psychologist (APA, 1979) and subsequently endorsed by a numb
er of divisions within APA. Both publications encouraged psychologists
to examine the theoretical principles guiding their work with women c
lients to ensure that they are free of sex bias and sex role stereotyp
es.