Various formulations for reliability-based optimization and the associ
ated problems are discussed. A formulation, in which component and sys
tem reliability requirements are balanced, is proposed. A typical fram
e of a small water plane twin hull (SWATH) ship is optimized by this m
ethod. It is found that the algorithm works well and an efficient desi
gn of the SWATH, which was previously designed by a deterministic proc
edure, was achieved. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.