The dense 2D structures of Pb on Ge(111) formed at above one monolayer
coverage have been reexamined at room temperature with scanning tunne
ling microscopy. It was found that the square-root 3 - beta phase, des
pite its structural simplicity has a very complex appearance; dependin
g on the tunneling parameters, structures with either one, three, or f
our protrusions per square-root 3 unit cell were observed. Remarkably
it is not possible to associate any of the observed patterns of protru
sions directly with the location of individual atoms. However, by comp
aring the results on the commensurate square-root 3 - beta phase and t
he closely related striped incommensurate phase it was possible to dis
tinguish between features induced by the substrate and the adsorbate.