We present a calculation of the charm and gluon fragmentation contribu
tions to inclusive J/psi and psi' production at large transverse momen
tum at the Tevatron. For psi production, we include both fragmentation
directly into psi and fragmentation into chi(c) followed by the radia
tive decay chi(c) --> psi + gamma. We find that fragmentation overwhel
ms the leading-order mechanisms for prompt psi production at large p(T
), and that the dominant contributions come from fragmentation into ch
i(c). Our results are consistent with recent data on psi production fr
om the CDF and D0 experiments. In the case of prompt psi' production,
the dominant mechanism at large p(T) is charm fragmentation into psi'.
We find serious disagreement between our theoretical predictions and
recent psi' data from the Tevatron.