The Gaussian beam defect is now a well documented deficiency of conven
tional phase Doppler anemometers and leads to significant errors in pa
rticle size estimation when the particle size takes on dimensions of t
he same order as the measurement volume. In the present paper, an alte
rnative operation mode of conventional, two-component phase Doppler an
emometry systems is proposed, which removes these errors for many appl
ications. The new approach is analysed theoretically and its improved
performance is verified experimentally. Furthermore, the effect of a s
lit aperture on the trajectory-dependent size measurement has been exp
erimentally investigated.