With reference to empirical socio-psychological studies conducted by t
he author himself (on prejudices in connection with AIDS, inquiries in
to attitudes displayed by German and Russian students) and the results
of opinion polls on xenophobia, racism and nationalism, the author de
monstrates that reconciliation with oneself and others is proportional
to the propensity for self-criticism and the ability to recognize and
acknowledge personal guilt. Where, by contrast, self-hatred and self-
devaluation prevail, the tendency towards projection and hatred of oth
ers will also be dominant.