Ga. Goodrich et al., GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PIAGETIAN VISUAL-SPATIAL REPRESENTATION OF VERTICALITY AND HORIZONTALITY, The Journal of genetic psychology, 154(4), 1993, pp. 449-458
Visual-spatial representations of verticality and horizontality (V/H)
were assessed by novel plumb-line and water-level tasks in a replicati
on of Jamison and Signorella's (1980) study of sex role orientation di
fferences in V/H performance. Comparisons between men and women classi
fied as masculine, feminine, and androgynous revealed no significant e
ffect for either sex role orientation or for interactions between orie
ntation and sex on V/H performance. The main effect for sex was signif
icant, favoring men.