Xanthomonas maltophilia is being increasingly recognized as an opportu
nistic pathogen in debilitated patients. We report a case of postopera
tive meningitis due to X. maltophilia and review the cases of X. malto
philia meningitis reported in the literature. Because X. maltophilia i
s often resistant to multiple beta-lactam agents, including cephalospo
rins and imipenem, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole appears to be the dru
g of choice for treatment of X. maltophilia meningitis.