PERIPHERAL AND INTRASPLENIC PLATELET KINETICS AND BONE-MARROW MEGAKARYOPOIESIS IN INTERFERON-ALPHA-2B TREATED HAIRY-CELL LEUKEMIA

In eight patients with previously untreated hairy cell leukemia (HCL), by using (111)ln-labelled platelets and megakaryocyte quantitation, t he splenic platelet pooling and the platelet production rate (P) were evaluated before and during alpha-2b-interferon (IFN) treatment. Both before and after 8 months of lFN therapy the spleen was shown to pool a sizeable amount of the total body platelet mass. The average splenic platelet pools, prior to and after 8 months of lFN, were 58 +/- 17 an d 47 +/- 11%, respectively At the time when treatment was initiated, t he patients were heterogeneous as regards the spleen size, platelet ki netics, and the bone marrow morphology. Three patients had values for P below the 95th percentile for a group of healthy control subjects; f ollowing IFN therapy they displayed a substantial increase in P. In th ree other HCL patients, with the largest spleens, the pre-treatment P was normal, or slightly above the values seen for the control subjects . In these patients, changes in splenic platelet pool size, blood volu me, and platelet mean life-span accounted for the increase in platelet count observed in response to IFN. The mean megakaryocyte number and volume per yl bone marrow increased during IFN therapy, while the mean P remained slightly reduced. It is concluded that splenic platelet po oling would explain the previously described difference in platelet co unts between splenectomized and non-splenectomized patients treated wi th IFN.