The role of barium radiology in the diagnosis and assessment of inflam
matory bowel disease is discussed. A primary diagnostic role is mainta
ined in the small bowel, though in the colon endoscopy with biopsy is
being used more frequently. The instant enema is safer in acute coliti
s. Advanced and complicated disease are mow accurately assessed radiol
ogically, as barium studies map out disease more clearly and show mura
l and extramural components.