S. Balci et al., CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON PRODUCED FROM ALMOND SHELL AND HAZELNUT SHELL, Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology, 60(4), 1994, pp. 419-426
Ammonium chloride-impregnated and untreated almond shell and hazelnut
shell samples were carbonized in a flow of nitrogen at relatively low
temperatures. Pore structure characterization and sorption capacities
of activated carbons prepared from shells of almond and hazelnut indic
ated that treatment with NH4Cl increased the total surface area and im
proved sorption characteristics. Chemical activation carried out at 35
0-degrees-C gave products with surface area values above 500 m2 g-1. O
n the other hand, the surface area values observed for the products ob
tained from untreated raw materials were about half of this value. The
surface area of products obtained from NH4Cl-impregnated samples reac
hed values of over 700 m2 g-1 when the carbonization temperature was i
ncreased 700-degrees-C.