The nation's commitment to health cost control will potentially confli
ct with its deeper commitment to innovation in medical technology-drug
s, medical devices, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and adminis
trative infrastructure. Medical technology is implicated in increasing
health care costs because, on a net basis, it increases the capabilit
ies of medicine. Conceptual, methodological, institutional, and politi
cal factors limit the ability to address the potential conflict; these
limits must be confronted and addressed if we are to formulate sound
policy responses.