SOCIOECONOMIC-FACTORS AND THE ODDS OF VAGINAL BIRTH AFTER CESAREAN DELIVERY

Objective.-To determine the independent effect of socioeconomic, organ izational, and professional liability factors on the odds of vaginal b irth after cesarean delivery (VBAC) while controlling for important cl inical factors. Design.-A retrospective study of 1989 New York State v ital statistics data, supplemented with additional information on coun ty- and hospital-specific variables. Using multiple logistic regressio n analysis, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls) were derived for 15 independent variables. Setting.-Births occurring in 104 New York State hospitals. Data Set.-A total of 13944 births occurring to New York State residents with a history of cesarean delivery of wh ich 3068 (22%) were vaginal deliveries. Results.-The odds of VBAC incr eased with maternal education. The ORs were 1.15 (95% Cl, 0.99 to 1.34 ) for 12 years of education; 1.36 (95% Cl, 1.16 to 1.60) for 13 to 15 years; 1.59 (95% Cl, 1.32 to 1.93) for 16 years, and 2.00 (95% Cl, 1.6 4 to 2.45) for 17 years or more. The ORs also increased with the level of care provided by the hospital; they were 1.55 (95% Cl, 1.34 to 1.8 1) and 1.30 (95% Cl, 1.18 to 1.44) for hospitals with intensive and in termediate neonatal care facilities, respectively. The ORs were 1.15 ( 95% Cl, 1.02 to 1.30) for health maintenance organization participants and 0.77 (95% Cl, 0.63 to 0.94) for women giving birth in government hospitals. The ORs of VBAC for African-American and Hispanic mothers w ere 0.80 (95% Cl, 0.70 to 0.93) and 0.61 (95% Cl, 0.51 to 0.73), respe ctively. The ORs for a $5000 increase in physician's yearly malpractic e premium and the hospital's paid loss due to malpractice claim settle ments were 0.98 (95% Cl, 0.97 to 0.99) and 1.01 (95% Cl, 0.99 to 1.03) , respectively. Conclusions.-ln addition to clinical factors, a mother 's level of education and ethnicity and specific characteristics of th e hospital in which she delivers affect the odds of a vaginal delivery after a previous cesarean delivery. From our analysis, we cannot conc lude that professional liability factors affected VBAC rates.