From 1991 to 1995, the ExternE project, part of the European Commissio
n's (DG XII) 'Joule Programme', began the process of better integratin
g the health and environmental external costs of electricity generatio
n, that were not traditionally included in the energy policy making pr
ocess During the first phase the methodologies were developed to tackl
e the difficult task of evaluating and monetizing the impacts of the d
ifferent energy systems. This was followed by national implementation
projects to complete the assessment of all relevant fuel cycles analys
es in the European Union member states. In this paper, the methodology
and the results of the studies of the nuclear fuel cycle, developed b
y the French Centre d'etude sur l'Evaluation de la Protection dans le
domaine Nucleaire (CEPN), are presented.