DATABASE AND SOFTWARE FOR THE ANALYSIS OF MUTATIONS IN THE HUMAN P53 GENE

Mutations of the human p53 gene are of importance in the development o f cancer. Perhaps 50% of all human cancers contain a mutation in the p 53 oncogene and many laboratories are investigating mutations at this locus. In an effort to centralize and standardize the information rega rding human p53 mutations, we have created a computerized database tha t contains information about DNA sequence alterations for > 3000 p53 m utants. Information on the cancer type, the origin of the cells, the s pecific mutation, the amino acid change, the literature citation, and other data are provided for each mutant. We have also produced a softw are package for the analysis of the p53 database. Routines have been d eveloped for the analysis of single-base substitutions, including prog rams to (a) determine whether two mutational spectra are different, (b ) display the number of mutations and mutable sites in each exon, (c) determine whether mutations show a DNA strand bias, (d) determine the frequency of transitions and transversions, (e) display the number and kind of mutations observed at each base in the coding region, (f) per form nearest neighbor analysis, and (g) display mutable amino acids in the p53 protein. The software runs only on IBM-compatible machines wi th MS-DOS. The software and p53 database are freely available via the Internet, using the remote file transfer protocol. These programs simp lify the analysis of the rapidly increasing body of information about p53 mutations. The programs permit facile comparison between different p53 data sets, as well as the identification of mutational patterns t hat may be of importance to experimenters studying the mechanisms of m utation and the etiology of cancers.