20-YEAR TRENDS IN CORONARY RISK-FACTORS IN NORTH KARELIA AND IN OTHERAREAS OF FINLAND

Background. The North Karelia Project, a major demonstration programme for coronary heart disease (CHD) prevention, began in the eastern pro vince of North Karelia in Finland in 1972. A number of other national CHD prevention activities have also been undertaken particularly since 1977. In the 1980s, a national strategy was developed for CHD prevent ion. This paper reports the 20-year changes in risk factors in North K arelia and in the original reference area of the project and the 10-ye ar changes in a third area in southwestern Finland. Methods. The resul ts are based on comparable surveys of cross-sectional population sampl es, aged 30-59 years, every fifth year since 1972. Results. During the first 5 years total cholesterol and blood pressure fell more in North Karelia than in the reference area, but subsequently changes have bee n about the same in both areas. The decline levelled off between the 1 982 and 1987 surveys. This resulted in new nationwide preventive activ ities and during the last 5 years major declines in both serum total c holesterol and blood pressure have been observed. Smoking reduced more during the first 10 years in North Karelia than in Kuopio province. D uring the last 10 years a small decline has been observed in both area s. No change in smoking has occurred in southwestern Finland in the la st 10 years. Conclusions. A major decline in cardiovascular disease ri sk factors has been observed in the last 20 years in Finland. This dec line was associated with the launch of the national demonstration proj ect in North Karelia in the 1970s and with subsequent major national a ctivities thereafter.