Based on discussions with managers from fifteen different reengineerin
g projects, and supplemented by published evidence from eight other pr
ojects, the article discusses what distinguishes reengineering from ot
her performance improvement alternatives, what conditions induce organ
izations to attempt it, and what factors managers have identified that
either interfere with or enable the design and implementation of reen
gineering projects. Reengineering is difficult and risky, but it is th
e best option to pursue when organizations discover they must improve
along a new strategic trajectory that they have not customarily consid
ered critical.