GLIAL SWELLING IN ISCHEMIA - A HYPOTHESIS

On the basis of experiments with primary cultures of mouse astrocytes with conventional K+-sensitive intracellular microelectrodes involving 'chemical ischemia' (antimycin a and sodium fluoride treatment), a mo del of ischemia is presented. According to this model, ischemia has no significant direct effect during the first 10 min on astrocytes; neur ones, however, lose a major part of their K+ into the ECS. This leads to an astrocytic depolarization, which in turn activates astrocytic an ion channels. This will result in passive, Donnan-mediated K+, Cl- and HCO3- fluxes into astrocytes, which in turn causes swelling and a col lapse of the ECS. Arguments are put forward that this may explain the swelling of astrocytic endfeet, which occurs very early in an ischemic insult.