Z1-OSCILLATIONS AND Z2-OSCILLATIONS OF ELECTRONIC STOPPING CROSS-SECTIONS OBTAINED BY SHELL-WISE CALCULATION AND HARMONIC-OSCILLATOR MODEL

A shell-wise calculation method and a quantal harmonic-oscillator mode l have been used to calculate the electronic stopping cross sections f or heavy ions colliding with atoms or penetrating matter. The electron ic energy loss is given in an impact parameter formalism. In order to generalize the theoretical models, which pertain to the case of point charge interacting with matter, to the case for heavy ions, an effecti ve stopping charge based on the modified BK theory is used by way of s imple scaling in the calculations. The comparisons between the calcula ted results and the experimental data demonstrate a favourable evidenc e to justify the theoretical models.