A. Feinstein et Jb. Griffiths, COLLIDING GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES IN A CLOSED FRIEDMANN-ROBERTSON-WALKER BACKGROUND, Classical and quantum gravity, 11(8), 1994, pp. 120000109-120000113
A solution is presented which describes the collision of gravitational
waves in a closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background. The matter f
ield present is taken to be that of a stiff perfect fluid. It is shown
that, unlike the situations in which the background is open or spatia
lly flat, the solution in this case contains a future space-like curva
ture singularity.