TOKEN RESISTANCE TO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE AND CONSENT TO UNWANTED SEXUALINTERCOURSE - COLLEGE-STUDENTS DATING EXPERIENCES IN 3 COUNTRIES

The purposes of this study were to extend the research conducted by Mu ehlenhard and her colleagues (e.g., Muehlenhard & Hollabaugh, 1988) on token resistance to sex and to consider a second form of sexual misco mmunication, consent to unwanted sex. We examined the incidence of the se forms of sexual miscommunication among both women and men and in th ree different cultures: the United States, Russia, and Japan. Survey d ata were collected from 1,519 unmarried college students (970 from the U.S., 327 from Russia, and 222 from Japan). Contrary to the stereotyp e that only women engage in token resistance to sex, men also reported that they had been in situations in which they had said no to sex whi le desiring it. In the U.S. only, a greater proportion of men than wom en have engaged in token resistance to sex. Rates for consent to unwan ted sex also varied by gender and culture. American women had the high est rate of consent to unwanted sex. The importance of collecting cros s-cultural data on sexuality and intimacy is discussed.