The argument in this paper is that, while privatisation creates diffic
ulties for traditional forms of unionism, it also opens up the possibi
lity of union renewal. Drawing on detailed case study evidence from te
lecommunications, gas and water, three related issues are examined. Ma
nagerial decentralisation and devolution have created opportunities fo
r managements to pursue policies aimed at achieving more direct forms
of control over their workforces, specifically through the individuali
sation of work relations, thereby threatening the continued operation
of unions in these industries. With these developments it has become c
lear that the traditional forms of unionism no longer suffice, precipi
tating debates within these unions as to how best to deal with these c
hanges. In the face of these developments, local unions have attempted
to either maintain past forms of organisation and activity to accommo
date this process of restructuring or they have begun a process of uni
on renewal, broadening their bases of union concern and activity. Thus
, the paradox of privatisation is that some unions may be able to take
the opportunity provided by this restructuring to reorganise and lay
the foundations for their renewal in more participative and active way
s.