AN EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY OF ISOTHERMAL AND NONISOTHERMAL PHENOMENA IN A HYDROPHOBIC HYDROPHILIC MEMBRANE SYSTEM

A difference in the membrane potential is observed when a membrane sep arates two electrolyte solutions having different concentrations (conc entration membrane potential) or are at different temperatures (therma l membrane potential). The concentration of the solution on one side o f the membrane was fixed at 10(-3) mol/dm3 KCl and that on the other s ide varied from 10(-4) to 1 mol/dm3 KCl. The attained changes in the m embrane potential of the hydrophobic-hydrophilic membrane system were measured under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Simultaneousl y, the transport of salt and the transport of water through the membra ne system under various concentration gradients and temperature gradie nts were studied. The influence of an externally applied voltage on th e transport of water and salt was studied. It was found that a decreas e of the salt flow was possible.