Adequate human nutrition is essential to maintain all normal physiolog
ical functions including defence of the self. Controversy exists about
the precise constituents of diets optimal for all stages in the human
life-span. Dietary composition may also need to be altered under such
stressful conditions as infection or recovery from major surgery. Und
erstanding how specific nutrients can alter immune responses may add t
o the quality of human lives by minimising the impact of disease morbi
dity and mortality. Dietary modification also offers hope of new thera
peutic regimens for human diseases.