Over the last 10 years, trypanosomatid protozoa have been the subject
of intense investigation particularly focusing on their parasitic life
style and their intriguing and novel cell properties. These studies ha
ve furthered our understanding of the physiology and functioning of th
ese cells and have identified a large number of biochemical and metabo
lic peculiarities, including mitochondrial function, enzymatic compart
mentalization, and gene expression. This review focuses on the mode of
gene expression and highlights areas of trypanosome research that hav
e provided paradigms of eukaryotic biology.