HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE-1 REPLICATION AND IL-1-BETA GENE-EXPRESSIONIN MOUSE PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES ACTIVATED IN-VIVO BY AN ATTENUATED SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM VACCINE OR CORYNEBACTERIUM-PARVUM

Activated macrophages (Mdi) from mice given Salmonella typhimurium or Corynebacterium parvum were compared with resident peritoneal macropha ges at the molecular level for permissiveness for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication and for expression of interleukin-1 beta ( IL-1 beta). Peritoneal macrophages were harvested from mice injected 7 days previously with live, avirulent S. typhimurium (Sal-PM phi) or h eat-killed C. parvum (CP-PM phi), and infected with HSV-1 in vitro. Bo th Sal-PM phi and CP-PM phi were activated as evidenced by characteris tic changes in an ectoenzyme, by increased permissiveness for infectio us virus production and viral cytopathic effect, and by induction of I L-1 beta mRNA. Analysis at the molecular level revealed that both type s of activated M phi demonstrated increased patterns of HSV-1 immediat e-early gene expression and viral DNA replication as compared with res ident cells. A novel finding was that viral infection reduced IL-1 bet a mRNA in both types of activated M beta. This observation has implica tions for the efficacy of Salmonella vaccines given in proximity to HS V-1 infection and for potential deleterious effects of HSV-1 infection in immunosuppressed patients receiving immunotherapy.