TRICHLOROETHYLENE-INDUCED PNEUMOTOXICITY IN FETAL AND NEONATAL MICE

Trichloroethylene (TCE) has previously been shown, in adult mouse lung , to alter the distribution of phospholipid associated with the pulmon ary surfactant and to affect the activity of phospholipase A(2), an en zyme involved in synthesis of the surfactant. However there are no dat a available on the effects of maternal exposure to TCE on fetal lung d evelopment. To determine if maternal TCE exposure may affect fetal pul monary development, pregnant mice were treated with TCE (3000 mg/kg bo dy wt.) administered intraperitoneally on day 17 of pregnancy. Fetuses were examined on the 18th and 19th gestational days and the Ist, 5th and 10th postnatal days. TCE caused increased mortality among 18- and 19-day-old fetuses and 1-day-old newborn mice. In addition mean body w eight was reduced on the 1st postnatal day in animals exposed to TCE. Specific lung weights were also significantly reduced on both the 18th and 19th gestational days. More importantly, total lung phospholipid content was depressed immediately before birth; total DNA was not affe cted. These results suggest that prenatal maternal exposure to TCE may delay pulmonary maturation during the critical period when surfactant synthesis is initiated.