Cm. Lam et A. Ishimaru, MUELLER MATRIX CALCULATION FOR A SLAB OF RANDOM MEDIUM WITH BOTH RANDOM ROUGH SURFACES AND DISCRETE PARTICLES, IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 42(2), 1994, pp. 145-156
A model for a slab of random medium containing both random rough surfa
ces and discrete scatterers is presented in this paper. The refractive
indices of the surrounding media are different from the background re
fractive index of the random medium. Kirchhoff rough surface theory is
used to derive the transmittivity and reflectivity matrices for the s
cattering of electromagnetic waves from the rough surfaces. These matr
ices are used to determine a pair of boundary conditions for the vecto
r radiative transfer equation. The multiple scattering due to the disc
rete scatterers is computed by solving the radiative transfer equation
numerically including the rough surface scattering effect. Mueller ma
trices characterizing the random medium are constructed from the scatt
ered Stokes vectors due to four independent polarized incident waves.
The Mueller matrices are found to have symmetrical properties, and the
re are eight nonvanishing matrix elements.