G. Smestad, TESTING OF DYE-SENSITIZED TIO2 SOLAR-CELLS .2. THEORETICAL VOLTAGE OUTPUT AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE EFFICIENCIES, Solar energy materials and solar cells, 32(3), 1994, pp. 273-288
Detailed balance calculations have been applied to dye sensitized TiO2
solar cells in order to obtain an upper limit for the solar conversio
n efficiency of the finished cell given the particular optical absorpt
ion and the luminescence efficiency, or fluorescence yield, of the dye
. While these models do not predict the actual efficiency of the devic
e they may serve as a guide for the reporting of actual open-circuit v
oltages and solar conversion efficiencies. The results of the analysis
indicate that cells of at least 10% conversion efficiency with voltag
es of over 1 V are possible with Ru trinuclear complexes at AM 1.5.