M. Shoukri et al., HYSTERESIS EFFECTS IN COUNTERCURRENT GAS-LIQUID FLOW LIMITATIONS IN AVERTICAL TUBE, Canadian journal of chemical engineering, 72(4), 1994, pp. 576-581
New experiments on air-water countercurrent flow limitations in a vert
ical pipe are presented. The experiments were carried out to investiga
te the effect of test procedure on the occurrence of the two countercu
rrent flow limitations; namely the onset of flooding and complete carr
y-up limits. The results revealed the existence of significant hystere
sis effects at both limits particularly for high liquid feed rate. For
low liquid feed rate, hysteresis effects were only observed at the co
mplete carry-up limit. Some associated visual observations are reporte
d and the results were empirically correlated and compared with recent
data obtained by others.