Critical current density J(c) and pinning force density F-p have been
investigated for the superconductor/superconductor multilayers NbTi/Nb
and superconductor/normal metal multilayer NbTi/Ti under parallel and
perpendicular magnetic fields. The layered structure itself has been
confirmed to play as an effective flux pinning centre enhancing F-p pe
rpendicular to under parallel magnetic fields. (C) 1997 Academic Press
Limited.