Ke. Gregory et al., BREED EFFECTS AND RETAINED HETEROSIS FOR GROWTH, CARCASS, AND MEAT TRAITS IN ADVANCED GENERATIONS OF COMPOSITE POPULATIONS OF BEEF-CATTLE, Journal of animal science, 72(4), 1994, pp. 833-850
Retained heterosis for growth, carcass, and meat traits was estimated
in F3 generation castrate male progeny in three composite populations
finished on two levels of dietary energy density (2.82 Mcal of ME and
3.07 Mcal of ME and 11.50% CP) and serially slaughtered at four end po
ints at intervals of 20 to 22 d. Breed effects were evaluated in nine
parental breeds (Red Poll [R], Hereford [H], Angus [A], Limousin [L],
Braunvieh [B], Pinzgauer [P], Gelbvieh [G], Simmental [S], and Charola
is [C] that contributed to the three composite populations (MARC I = 1
/4 B, 1/4 C, 1/4 L, 1/8 H, 1/8 A; MARC II = 1/4 G, 1/4 S, 1/4 H, 1/4 A
; and MARC III = 1/4 R, 1/4 P, 1/4 H, and 1/4 A). Breed effects were i
mportant (P < .01) for carcass weight, dressing percentage, fat thickn
ess, and marbling score; for retail product, fat trim and bone percent
ages and weights at two levels of fat trim (8 and 0 mm); and for carca
ss lean, fat, and bone percentages and weights. Mean slaughter weight
was 54.7 kg greater for the Simmental, Gelbvieh, and Charolais breeds
than for the Limousin but did not differ (P > .05) from Limousin in re
tail product weight or carcass lean weight because of higher dressing
percentage, lower fat trim percentage, and lower bone percentage of Li
mousin. The effects of dietary energy density were important (P < .01)
for most traits. The interaction of breed group x dietary energy dens
ity generally was not important. Retained heterosis generally was sign
ificant for each composite population for weight of retail product, fa
t trim, bone, and carcass lean, fat, and bone. For percentage of retai
l product, fat trim, carcass lean, carcass fat, and chemical fat in th
e 9-10-11th rib cut, generally, heterosis was significant for composit
es MARC II and MARC III but not for composite MARC I (i.e., composites
MARC II and MARC III had a lower percentage of retail product and car
cass lean and a higher percentage of fat trim, carcass fat, and chemic
al fat in the 9-10-11th rib cut than the mean of contributing purebred
s).