CUMULATIVE SELECTION AND GENETIC CHANGE FOR WEANING OR YEARLING WEIGHT OR FOR YEARLING WEIGHT PLUS MUSCLE SCORE IN HEREFORD CATTLE

Selection in three lines of Hereford cattle for 1) weaning weight (WWL ), 2) yearling weight (YWL), and 3) an index of yearling weight and mu scle score (IXL) was studied. Remnant foundation cows and semen from s even foundation sires were used to establish an unselected control lin e for the last 11 yr of the experiment. Performance data collected ove r a 23-yr period on birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), postwean ing gain (PWG), yearling weight (YWT), muscle score (MSC), and an inde x (IDX) giving equal weight to standard deviations of yearling weight and muscle score were analyzed. Generation interval of midparents was about 4.16 yr in each selected line. Sire and dam selection differenti als, in standard deviation units per generation, for primary criteria were, respectively, 1.59 and .33 for WWT in WWL, 1.75 and .25 for YWT in YWL, and 1.42 and .25 for IDX in IXL. Components of direct and mate rnal genetic variances, direct-maternal covariance, and dam permanent environmental variance were estimated by REML. The average annual resp onse of males and females in actual units for each trait in WWL, YWL, and IXL was, respectively, BWT, .22, .24, and .27 kg; WWT, .98, .63, a nd 1.26 kg; YWT, 2.43, 2.64, and 3.44 kg; and MSC, .053, .009, and .10 4 scores. Average selection responses in BWT, WWT, YWT, MSC, and IDX p er unit of primary criteria in each selection line (all in standard de viation units) were .22, .20, .31, .10, and .24 for WWT in WWL; .23, . 12, .32, .04, and .21 for YWT in YWL; and .27, .22, .40, .20, and .36 for IDX in IXL. Responses in bold type are realized heritability and o thers are correlated responses. Realized genetic correlations were .78 for WWT and YWT, .87 for WWT and IDX, and .86 for YWT and IDX. Respon ses for all traits in IXL were greater than in other selected lines.